Linux systemd 服务编排入门¶
systemd 不只是“启动服务”,还负责依赖、资源限制、日志与进程生命周期管理。
1. 一个最小的 service¶
/etc/systemd/system/myapp.service:
[Unit]
Description=My App
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/myapp
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=3
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
2. 常用命令¶
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now myapp
systemctl status myapp
journalctl -u myapp -f
3. 常见失败点¶
ExecStart路径不对或无执行权限- 环境变量缺失(用
Environment=或EnvironmentFile=) - 端口占用或依赖服务未就绪(用
After=/Wants=)