OpenClaw Windows 本地安装部署与常用命令手册
OpenClaw Windows 本地安装部署手册(对接 Qwen 模型)¶
本文以 Windows 10/11 + PowerShell 为例,指导在本地安装 OpenClaw,并 对接 Qwen(通义千问 / 百炼 DashScope API Key),以及开启 OpenClaw 托管浏览器 做网页自动化。
一、环境准备¶
1. 操作系统与权限¶
- 操作系统:Windows 10 或 11(64 位)
- 账号权限:建议使用有管理员权限的本地账号
2. 安装 Node.js 与 npm¶
- 建议版本:Node.js ≥ 22(官方推荐)
- 到 Node.js 官网 下载 LTS 或 Current 版安装包,安装时勾选 Automatically install necessary tools(可选)
- 安装完成后,在 PowerShell 中确认:
node -v
npm -v
3. 准备 Qwen API Key¶
- 若走 阿里云百炼 / DashScope:在百炼控制台创建 API Key,形如
sk-xxx...或sk-sp-xxx...
二、安装 OpenClaw¶
1. 全局安装 OpenClaw CLI¶
在 PowerShell 中执行(建议用管理员打开):
npm install -g openclaw@latest
验证:
openclaw --version
2. 运行初始化向导(onboard)¶
openclaw onboard --install-daemon
在向导中按提示完成:网关运行方式(本地)、基本模型(可先选演示模型)、聊天渠道(可跳过)、工作区路径(默认即可)。完成后会安装网关守护进程并启动 Gateway,请根据提示信息完成 OpenClaw 配置,参考配置如下:
| 配置项 | 配置内容 |
|---|---|
| I understand this is powerful and inherently risky. Continue? | 选择 ”Yes” |
| Onboarding mode | 选择 “QuickStart” |
| Model/auth provider | 选择 “Skip for now”,后续可以配置 |
| Filter models by provider | 选择 “All providers” |
| Default model | 使用默认配置 |
| Select channel (QuickStart) | 选择 “Skip for now”,后续可以配置 |
| Configure skills now? (recommended) | 选择 “No”,后续可以配置。 |
| Enable hooks? | 按空格键选中,选择“Skip for now”,按回车键进入下一步。 |
| How do you want to hatch your bot? | 选择 “Hatch in TUI”。 |
三、对接 Qwen 模型(DashScope API Key)¶
1. 通过 Web UI 修改配置文件¶
- 在终端执行以下命令打开 Web UI。
openclaw dashboard
- 复制以下内容到 Raw JSONS 输入框,替换已有内容。 > 若需保留已有配置,请勿直接全量替换,详见 已有配置如何安全修改? >
- 将
YOUR_API_KEY替换为 Coding Plan 专属 API Key。
{
"models": {
"mode": "merge",
"providers": {
"bailian": {
"baseUrl": "https://coding.dashscope.aliyuncs.com/v1",
"apiKey": "YOUR_API_KEY",
"api": "openai-completions",
"models": [
{
"id": "qwen3.5-plus",
"name": "qwen3.5-plus",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text", "image"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 1000000,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-max-2026-01-23",
"name": "qwen3-max-2026-01-23",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-coder-next",
"name": "qwen3-coder-next",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-coder-plus",
"name": "qwen3-coder-plus",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 1000000,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "MiniMax-M2.5",
"name": "MiniMax-M2.5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 204800,
"maxTokens": 131072
},
{
"id": "glm-5",
"name": "glm-5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 202752,
"maxTokens": 16384
},
{
"id": "glm-4.7",
"name": "glm-4.7",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 202752,
"maxTokens": 16384
},
{
"id": "kimi-k2.5",
"name": "kimi-k2.5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text", "image"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 32768
}
]
}
}
},
"agents": {
"defaults": {
"model": {
"primary": "bailian/qwen3.5-plus"
},
"models": {
"bailian/qwen3.5-plus": {},
"bailian/qwen3-max-2026-01-23": {},
"bailian/qwen3-coder-next": {},
"bailian/qwen3-coder-plus": {},
"bailian/MiniMax-M2.5": {},
"bailian/glm-5": {},
"bailian/glm-4.7": {},
"bailian/kimi-k2.5": {}
}
}
},
"gateway": {
"mode": "local"
}
}
保存成功后,apiKey 将显示为 “OPENCLAW_REDACTED”。该脱敏保护仅用于前端界面隐藏,不影响实际调用。

2. 通过终端修改配置文件¶
编辑配置文件¶
默认路径:
C:\Users\<你的用户名>\.openclaw\openclaw.json
- 复制以下内容到配置文件。将
YOUR_API_KEY替换为 Coding Plan 专属 API Key。
若需保留已有配置,请勿直接全量替换,详见 已有配置如何安全修改?
{
"models": {
"mode": "merge",
"providers": {
"bailian": {
"baseUrl": "https://coding.dashscope.aliyuncs.com/v1",
"apiKey": "YOUR_API_KEY",
"api": "openai-completions",
"models": [
{
"id": "qwen3.5-plus",
"name": "qwen3.5-plus",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text", "image"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 1000000,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-max-2026-01-23",
"name": "qwen3-max-2026-01-23",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-coder-next",
"name": "qwen3-coder-next",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "qwen3-coder-plus",
"name": "qwen3-coder-plus",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 1000000,
"maxTokens": 65536
},
{
"id": "MiniMax-M2.5",
"name": "MiniMax-M2.5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 204800,
"maxTokens": 131072
},
{
"id": "glm-5",
"name": "glm-5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 202752,
"maxTokens": 16384
},
{
"id": "glm-4.7",
"name": "glm-4.7",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 202752,
"maxTokens": 16384
},
{
"id": "kimi-k2.5",
"name": "kimi-k2.5",
"reasoning": false,
"input": ["text", "image"],
"cost": { "input": 0, "output": 0, "cacheRead": 0, "cacheWrite": 0 },
"contextWindow": 262144,
"maxTokens": 32768
}
]
}
}
},
"agents": {
"defaults": {
"model": {
"primary": "bailian/qwen3.5-plus"
},
"models": {
"bailian/qwen3.5-plus": {},
"bailian/qwen3-max-2026-01-23": {},
"bailian/qwen3-coder-next": {},
"bailian/qwen3-coder-plus": {},
"bailian/MiniMax-M2.5": {},
"bailian/glm-5": {},
"bailian/glm-4.7": {},
"bailian/kimi-k2.5": {}
}
}
},
"gateway": {
"mode": "local"
}
}
四、开启 OpenClaw 托管浏览器¶
在 openclaw.json 中确认或添加:
{
"browser": {
"enabled": true,
"defaultProfile": "openclaw"
}
}
defaultProfile: "openclaw":使用独立 Chromium 实例,无需 Chrome 扩展、无需手动挂标签。
2. 保存文件并退出,重启 Gateway¶
openclaw gateway restart
openclaw gateway status
openclaw models status
五、验证¶
1. 打开 Dashboard¶
openclaw dashboard
2. 测试浏览器自动化¶
在聊天中输入例如:
请访问 https://www.baidu.com/,在搜索框中输入“OpenClaw百科”,
然后点击“百度一下”,看是否跳转到搜索结果页面且有百度百科结果,用一句话告诉我结果。
预期:自动打开托管浏览器窗口并完成操作、返回结果。
六、常见问题¶
| 现象 | 处理 |
|---|---|
| 浏览器报「服务不可用」或「no tab is connected」 | 将 browser.defaultProfile 设为 "openclaw" 并重启网关 |
| Qwen 不响应或认证错误 | 检查 apiKey、baseUrl 区域,运行 openclaw models status --check |
七、OpenClaw 常用命令列表¶
7.1 基础与配置¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw --version |
显示版本 |
openclaw --help |
显示所有可用命令 |
openclaw onboard |
运行初始化向导 |
openclaw onboard --install-daemon |
向导并安装后台服务 |
openclaw configure |
交互式修改配置 |
openclaw config get <path> |
读取配置项 |
openclaw config set <path> <value> |
设置配置项 |
openclaw config unset <path> |
删除配置项 |
7.2 网关(Gateway)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw gateway / openclaw gateway run |
前台运行网关 |
openclaw gateway status |
查看网关状态 |
openclaw gateway start |
启动服务 |
openclaw gateway stop |
停止服务 |
openclaw gateway restart |
重启服务 |
openclaw gateway install |
安装为系统服务 |
openclaw gateway install --force |
强制重新安装服务 |
openclaw gateway health |
健康信息 |
openclaw gateway probe |
探测网关是否可达 |
openclaw gateway --port 18789 |
指定端口运行 |
7.3 模型(Models)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw models list |
列出可用模型 |
openclaw models status |
查看当前模型与认证状态 |
openclaw models status --check |
校验认证(过期/缺失时退出码非 0) |
openclaw models set <provider/model> |
设置默认模型,如 openclaw models set dashscope/qwen-plus |
openclaw models set-image <provider/model> |
设置默认图像模型 |
openclaw models scan |
刷新可用模型列表 |
openclaw models aliases list |
查看模型别名 |
openclaw models fallbacks list |
查看备用模型链 |
openclaw models auth add |
交互式添加认证 |
openclaw models auth login --provider <id> |
按提供商登录(OAuth/API Key) |
openclaw models auth paste-token --provider <name> |
粘贴 API Key 到指定提供商 |
7.4 通道(Channels)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw channels list |
列出已配置通道 |
openclaw channels status |
查看连接状态 |
openclaw channels add |
添加新通道 |
openclaw channels login --channel <name> |
登录指定通道(如 whatsapp、telegram) |
openclaw channels remove / logout |
移除或登出通道 |
7.5 浏览器(Browser)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw browser status |
查看浏览器状态 |
openclaw browser start |
启动浏览器服务 |
openclaw browser stop |
停止浏览器服务 |
openclaw browser --browser-profile openclaw |
使用托管浏览器 profile |
openclaw browser extension install |
安装 Chrome 扩展(扩展中继模式时用) |
7.6 定时任务(Cron)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw cron list |
列出所有定时任务 |
openclaw cron status |
查看任务状态 |
openclaw cron add |
添加新任务(交互或带参数) |
openclaw cron edit |
编辑任务 |
openclaw cron rm <name> |
删除任务 |
openclaw cron enable / disable |
启用/禁用任务 |
openclaw cron run / runs |
执行任务 |
7.7 技能(Skills)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw skills list |
列出已安装技能 |
openclaw skills info |
查看技能信息 |
openclaw skills check |
检查技能状态 |
openclaw plugins list |
列出已安装插件 |
openclaw plugins enable <name> |
启用插件 |
7.8 诊断与日志¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw doctor |
全面环境检查并尝试修复 |
openclaw doctor --fix |
带修复的检查 |
openclaw status |
快速查看总体状态 |
openclaw status --deep |
深度检查 |
openclaw logs |
查看日志 |
openclaw logs --follow |
实时跟踪日志 |
openclaw health |
健康检查 |
openclaw dashboard |
打开 Web 控制台(默认如 http://127.0.0.1:18789/) |
7.9 安全与密钥¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
openclaw security audit |
安全审计 |
openclaw security audit --deep |
深度安全审计 |
openclaw secrets configure |
交互式配置密钥与 SecretRef |
openclaw secrets audit |
扫描明文密钥与未解析引用 |
openclaw secrets apply |
应用密钥配置 |
7.10 聊天内斜杠命令(在 Dashboard/IM 对话中使用)¶
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
/new [model] |
开启新对话 |
/reset |
重置当前对话 |
/model <name> |
切换当前使用的模型 |
/models |
列出可用模型 |
/status |
查看当前状态 |
/compact |
压缩会话上下文 |
八、建议使用路径(测试工程师)¶
- 先确认 Qwen 普通问答正常。
- 用「访问百度并搜索」等自然语言指令验证浏览器自动化。
- 将冒烟/简单 E2E 写成自然语言描述,交给 OpenClaw 执行并汇报。
- 使用
openclaw cron add做定时冒烟,结果推送到 Telegram/企业微信/飞书等。
手册版本:基于 Windows 本地部署 + Qwen(DashScope) + OpenClaw 托管浏览器。配置路径与命令以当前 OpenClaw 文档为准,如有变动请以官方文档为准。